Notes on Marxian Epistemology according to Lukács, Althusser and Alfred Schmidt

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the idea of ​​the existence of a philosophy of praxis in Marx's work based on the interpretation of three authors: Louis Althusser, György Lukács and Alfred Schmidt. We discussed how the idea of ​​the philosophy of praxis elucidates ontological, epistemological and methodological aspects of the foundation of Marx's critique of political economy, paying attention to the importance of the discovery of classical political economy by the author in shaping this new approach. It discusses how such a philosophy, closely linked to the critique of political economy, gives centrality to work as a sensitive activity and to the human-nature metabolism and engenders a radically different perspective in the cosmological and epistemological debate of modern philosophy. We also present what we consider as the specifics of these fundamentals, namely, labor as the original place of knowledge, the non-separation between human and nature in social theory and, finally, the reconciliation between liberty and necessity in the consideration of social dialectics.