Trumpism in the Brazilian way: neoconservatism in the diplomatic discourse of Jair Messias Bolsonaro's government
DOI:
10.46551/issn.2527-2551v21n2p.142-165Keywords:
Democracy, Foreign Policy, Bolsonarism, Trumpism, Antiglobalism.Abstract
In a broader analysis of the process of political and institutional degradation promoted by Bolsonarism in the Brazilian political debate in recent years, it is worth highlighting the role played by foreign policy in promoting ideas and actions anchored in Trumpist political thought. Emulating the ideas and actions of former United States President Donald Trump, Jair Bolsonaro's government (2019-2022) imported many of his conceptions of international politics, such as populism, nationalism and anti-globalism. Conceived as worldviews that guide the strategic choices of political actors, the ideas help to explain the conception and implementation of foreign policy. Ideological conceptions interact with the constraints and independent variables that impact society, the State and international relations. And they are mobilized by different actors, governments and regimes to formulate, operationalize and legitimize foreign policy choices. In this sense, the article seeks to verify whether Jair Bolsonaro's foreign policy bears similarities to Brazil's conservative worldview in foreign policy. To this end, we sought to analyze how the country's conservative thinking in the 19th and 20th centuries can provide models of understanding about Brazil's international insertion. In a second moment, the article contrasted this conceptual legacy with national-populist thought of North American origin, focusing on the conceptual formulation of the ideas of ideologist Olavo de Carvalho, Chancellor Ernesto Araújo and President Jair Bolsonaro. In a third moment, the implementation of national populism of Trumpist origin was analyzed in three themes of Brazilian diplomacy: in the bilateral relationship with the United States; in the Venezuelan crisis; in relations with Israel and Arab countries.
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