Cambios geoambientales y eventos históricos en el área del sitio arqueológico griego de Selinônte (Sicilia Occidental, Italia)
Mudanças geoambientais e eventos históricos na área do sítio arqueológico grego de Selinônte (Sicília Ocidental, Itália)
DOI:
10.46551/issn.2317-0875v27n1p.70-95Palabras clave:
Selinunte, Geo-arqueología, Cambio climático, Cambios sociales, El trabajo de EmpédoclesResumen
En este estudio en el sitio arqueológico griego de Selinônte, se llevaron a cabo estudios geomorfológicos y geoarqueológicos detallados con el fin de reconstruir la evolución del paisaje que ocurrió antes y durante la antropización del sitio y verificar posibles correlaciones entre cambios geoambientales y eventos humanos que caracterizó casi cuatro siglos de historia de la ciudad. Con un enfoque multidisciplinario y diferentes técnicas de levantamiento, este estudio fue testigo del papel que juega el clima, la configuración geomorfológica y los georrecursos en el condicionamiento del desarrollo de la ciudad y la estrecha relación que en ocasiones se observa entre hechos históricos y procesos naturales. Esto incluyó la controvertida y nunca descubierta obra hidráulica de Empédocles, quien en el 444 a. C., según fuentes textuales, resolvió un problema de salud pública vinculado a la presencia de zonas pantanosas.
Descargas
Citas
Antonioli, F., Cremona, G., Immordino, F., Puglisi, C., Romagnoli, C., Silenzi, S., Valpreda, E., Verrubbi, V., 2002 - New data on the Holocenic sea-level rise in NW Sicily (Central Mediterranean Sea). Global and Planetary Change 34, 121–140.
Bice, K.L., Norris, R.D. 2002 - Possible atmospheric CO2 extremes of the Middle Cretaceous (late Albian–Turonian). Paleoceanography, 17. doi:10.1029/2002PA000778.
Bonaccorso, B., Bordi, I., Cancelliere, A., Rossi, G., Sutera, A. 2003 - Spatial Variability of Drought: An Analysis of the SPI in Sicily. Water Resources Management 17, 273–296.
Bonanno A., Ciabatti P., Liguori V., Provenzano M.C., Sortino G. 2000 – Studio idrogeologico ed idrogeochimico dell’acquifero multifalda della Piana di Castelvetrano e Campobello di Mazara (Sicilia occidentale). Quaderni di Geologia Applicata, 7, 4, 45-59.
Bottari C., Aringoli D., Carluccio R., Castellano C., D’ajello Caracciolo F., Gasperini M., Materazzi M., Nicolosi I., Pambianchi G., Pieruccini P., Sepe V., Urbini S., Varazi F. 2017 - Geomorphological and geophysical investigations for the characterization of the roman Carsulae site (Tiber Basin, Central Italy). Journal of Applied Geophysics, vol. 143, p. 74-85, ISSN: 0926-9851, doi: 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2017.03.021.
Brooks, N. 2006 - Cultural responses to aridity in the Middle Holocene and increased social complexity. Quaternary International, 151, 29–49.
Brooks, N. 2010 - Human responses to climatically-driven landscape change and resource scarcity: Learning from the past and planning for the future. In I.P. Martini & W. Chesworth (Eds.), Landscapes and societies: Selected cases (pp. 43-66). London, Dordrecht: Springer, Heidelberg.
Brooks N., 2012 - Beyond collapse: climate change and causality during the Middle Holocene Climatic Transition, 6400–5000 years before present. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography, 112, 2, 93pp.
Burke, M.B., Miguel, E., Satyanath, S., Dykema, J.A., Lobell, D.B. 2009 - Warming increases the risk of civil war in Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 20670–20674.
Calò, C., Henne, P.D., Curry, B., Magny, M., Vescovi, E., La Mantia, T., Pasta, S., Vanniere, B., Tinner, W., 2012 - Spatio-temporal patterns of Holocene environmental change in southern Sicily. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 323-325, 110-122.
Chen, Z., Wang, Z., Schneiderman, J., Tao, J., Cai, Y. 2005 - Holocene climate fluctuations in the Yangtze delta of eastern China and the Neolithic response. The Holocene, 15, 915–924.
Crouch, D.P., 1984 - The Hellenistic water system of Morgantina (Sicily): contributions to the history of urbanization. American Journal of Archeology 88, 353–365.
Cullen, H.M., deMenocal, P.B., Hemming, S., Hemming, G., Brown, F.H., Guilderson, T., Sirocko, F. 2000 - Climate change and the collapse of the Akkadian empire: Evidence from the deep sea. Area, 4, 379–382.
D’Angelo, U., Vernuccio, S. 1994 – Note illustrative della Carta Geologica del Foglio 617 “Marsala” (scala 1:50.000). Boll. Soc. Geol. It., CXIII, 55-67.
D’Angelo, U., Vernuccio, S. 1996 - I terrazzi quaternari della estremità occidentale della Sicilia, Mem. Soc. Geol. It., 51, 585-596.
Delano-Smith C. 1979 – Western Mediterrean Europe. Academic Press, London, 453pp.
DeMenocal, P.B. 2001 - Cultural responses to climate change during the late Holocene Science, 292, 667–673.
di Lernia, S. 2002 - Dry climatic events and cultural trajectories: Adjusting Middle Holocene pastoral economy of the Libyan Sahara. In F.A. Hassan (Ed.), Droughts, food and culture: Ecological change and food security in Africa’s Later Prehistory (pp. 225–250). New York, NY: Kluwer.
Di Maggio C., Madonia G., Vattano, M., Agnesi, V., Monteleone, S. 2017 - Geomorphological evolution of western Sicily, Italy. Geologica Carpathica, 68, 1, 80-93. doi: 10.1515/geoca-2017-0007.
Giraudi, C., Magny, M., Zanchetta, G., Drysdale, R.N. 2011 - The Holocene climatic evolution of Mediterranean Italy: A review of the continental geological data. The Holocene 21, 1, 105-115. doi: 10.1177/0959683610377529.
Goudie, A.S., Viles, A.H., Pentecost, A. 1993 - The late-Holocene tufa decline in Europe. The Holocene, 3, 2, 181-186. doi: 10.1177/095968369300300211.
Haywood, A., Williams, M. 2005 - The climate of the future: Clues from three million years ago. Geology Today, 21, 138–143.
Huber, B.T. 1998 - Tropical paradise at the cretaceous poles? Science, 282, 2199–2200.
Hulot, J., Fougères, G. 1910 – Sélinonte. Colonie dorienne en Sicile. La Ville, l’Acropole et les Temples. Relevés et restaurations par Jean Hulot. Texte par Gustave Fougères. Paris, Librairie générale de l’architecture et des arts décoratifs, Ch. Massin Éditeur, 1910.
Jónsson, G. 2010 - The environmental factor in migration dynamics – a review of African case studies. Paper No. 21. International Migration Institute, James Martin 21st Century School, University of Oxford.
Lamb, H.H. 1995 – Climate, history and the modern world. Routledge, London, 410pp.
Lambeck, K., Antonioli, F., Anzidei, M., Ferranti, L., Leoni, G., Scicchitano, G., Silenzi, S. 2011 - Sea level change along the Italian coast during the Holocene and projections for the future. Quaternary International 232, 250-257.
Lambeck, K., Antonioli F., Purcell, A., Silenzi, S. 2004 - Sea-Level change along the Italian coast for the past 10.000 yrs, Quaternary Science Reviews 23, 1567-1598
Lentini, F., Carbone, S. 2014 – Geology of Sicily. Mem. Descr. Carta Geol. d’It. XCV, 7-414.
Liuzzo, L., Bono, E., Sammartano, V., Freni, G. 2017 - Long-term temperature changes in Sicily, Southern Italy. Atmospheric Research 198, 44–55. doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.08.007.
Loke, M.H. 2012 - Tutorial: 2-D and 3-D Electrical Imaging Surveys. Geotomo Software, Malaysia.
Myers, N. 2002 - Environmental refugees: A growing phenomenon of the 21st century. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 357, 609–613.
Noti, R., van Leeuwen, J.F.N., Colombaroli, D., Vescovi, E., Pasta, S., La Mantia, T., Tinner, W., 2009. Mid- and late-Holocene vegetation and fire history at Biviere di Gela, a coastal lake in Southern Sicily, Italy. Veg. Hist. Archaeobot. 18 (5), 371-387.
Ruggieri, G., Unti, A., Unti, M., Moroni, A. 1977 - La calcarenite di Marsala (Pleistocene inferiore) e i terreni contermini. Boll. Soc. Geol. It., 94, 1623-1657.
Stanley, J.D., Krom, M.D., Cliff, R.A., Woodward, J.C. 2003 - Short contribution: Nile flow failure at the end of the Old Kingdom, Egypt: Strontium isotopic and petrologic evidence. Geoarchaeology, 18, 395–402.
Suhrke, A. 1993 - Pressure points: Environmental degradation, migration and conflict. Occasional Paper No. 3, Project on Environmental Change and Acute Conflict. American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the University of Toronto, Cambridge, MA.
Vita-Finzi C. 1969 – The Mediterranean valleys. Geological changes in historical times. Cambridge University Press, 133pp.
Weiss, H., Bradley, R.S. 2001 - What drives societal collapse? Science, 291, 609–610.
Wenxiang, W., Tungsheng, L. 2004 - Possible role of the “Holocene Event 3” on the collapse of Neolithic Cultures around the Central Plain of China. Quaternary International, 117(1), 153–166.
Zazo, C., Dabrio, C.J., Goy, J.L., Lario, J., Cabero, A., Silva, P.G., Bardajı, T., Mercier N., Borja, F., Roquero E., 2008 - The coastal archives of the last 15 ka in the Atlantic–Mediterranean Spanish linkage area: Sea level and climate changes. Quaternary International, 181, 72–87
English
Español (España)
Português (Brasil)
