Flood plans and flooding areas: comparative analysis of the concepts through application in the hydrographic basin of Riverside Bom Jardim and Pedras River, Triângulo Mineiro

Abstract

Flood plains are areas bordering waterways, which may flood during flood periods. They have a low topographic gradient, gentle slopes and alluvial soils. Flooded areas can also be immersed in extreme precipitation events, but they do not have the same physiographic characteristics of floodplains, ie they may not have a large horizontal margin around the river channel, no sediment deposition, no nesting , but may suffer from the flood phenomenon. Thus, this article aims to make a conceptual review of flood plains and flooded areas, comparing the two concepts and applying them in the river basins of Riverside Bom Jardim and Pedras’s River, located in the Triângulo Mineiro. From the physiography of the areas, through the conceptual review and application of geocartographic tools, it was verified that the entire floodplain of ribeirão Bom Jardim coincides with the flooded areas, which does not occur with the Pedras’s River. Such areas, without distinction, must be preserved to avoid material and human damages in the future.