Impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on the economic conjuncture of latin american countries
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46551/epp2024v12n0106
DOI:
10.46551/epp2024v12n0106Keywords:
COVID-19 pandemic, Latin America, Economic Situation, Macroeconomic PoliciesAbstract
This study analyses the COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered an unprecedented economic crisis in Latin America, exposing the region's structural vulnerabilities and deep social inequalities. Governments responded with a combination of expansionary monetary policies, such as reductions in interest rates and liquidity expansion, and countercyclical fiscal policies involving increased public spending and income transfer programs. Although necessary, these measures resulted in high levels of public debt. The economic impacts were severe, with recessions, rising unemployment, and inflationary pressure. Recovery has been uneven, requiring continued efforts to promote macroeconomic stability and sustainable growth. Recommendations include strengthening health systems, diversifying economies, investing in infrastructure, implementing structural reforms, adopting an integrated risk-management approach, and strengthening regional cooperation.
Downloads
References
CASTRO, Nicole Rennó; MOREIRA, Gustavo Carvalho. Who worked from home in Brazil? Inequalities highlighted by the pandemic. Nova Economia, v. 31, n. 03, p. 899-927, 2021.
CENTRAL BANK OF ARGENTINA. 2024. Available on: https://www.bcra.gob.ar/PublicacionesEstadisticas/Principales_variables_i.asp
CENTRAL BANK OF BRAZIL. 2024. Available on: https://www3.bcb.gov.br/sgspub/localizarseries/localizarSeries.do?method=prepararTelaLocalizarSeries
CENTRAL BANK OF CHILE. 2024. Available on: https://www.bcentral.cl/areas/estadisticas
CENTRAL BANK OF COLOMBIA. 2024. Available on: https://www.banrep.gov.co/en/statistics
CENTRAL BANK OF MEXICO. 2024. Available on: https://www.banxico.org.mx/SieInternet/defaultEnglish.do
CENTRAL BANK OF PERU. 2024. Available on: https://www.bcrp.gob.pe/en/publications/weekly-reports/tables.html
COTTANI, Joaquín. The effects of COVID-19 on Latin America's economy. Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2020.
DE LA VEGA, Pablo; GASPARINI, Leonardo. Teleworking as a mitigator of the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. the case of Argentina. Ecos de Economía, v. 25, n. 53, p. 90-135, 2021.
DE PAULA, Luiz Fernando. The COVID-19 crisis and counter-cyclical policies in Brazil. European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies, v. 18, n. 2, p. 177-197, 2021.
FARHI, Maryse et al. A crise e os desafios para a nova arquitetura financeira internacional. Revista de economia política, v. 29, n. 1, p. 135-138, 2009.
FEIJÓ, Carmem; ARAÚJO, Eliane Cristina; BRESSER-PEREIRA, Luiz Carlos. Política monetária no Brasil em tempos de pandemia. Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, v. 42, p. 150-171, 2022.
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. Exchange rate, consumer price index, GDP, Interest rate, reserves, all countries [Data table]. 2024. Available on: Available on: https://data.imf.org/?sk=388dfa60-1d26-4ade-b505-a05a558d9a42
KLAGGES, Bárbara Valenzuela; Darcy Fuenzalida-O ’Shee; Iván Valenzuela-Klagges; et al. Desarrollo económico sostenido en Latinoamerica en tiempos de crisis. Revista de Economía del Caribe, vol. NA, núm. 27, 2021.
KEYNES, J. M. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. New York: London Macmillan & Co. 1960
LASSARD ROSENTHAL, Jareth et al. «SCORE-CoV-2» and its relation to GDP performance. The Anáhuac journal, v. 21, n. 1, p. 66-93, 2021.
LONG, Han et al. Can Central Bank mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the macroeconomy? Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, v. 58, n. 9, p. 2652-2669, 2022.
MATTEI, Lauro; HEINEN, Vicente Loeblein. Impactos da crise da Covid-19 no mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, v. 40, p. 647-668, 2020.
MATTEI, Lauro; SILVA, Kattiane Medeiros Santos. Crises econômicas e possíveis saídas à luz das teorias keynesiana e pós-keynesiana. Cadernos de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, p. 156-170, 2018.
RESENDE, Marco Flávio da Cunha. Emissão de moeda, de dívida pública e convenções durante a crise econômica brasileira de 2020. Revista de Economia Contemporânea, v. 25, p. e212531, 2021.
SOLORZA, Marcia. Responsible fiscal policy and Economic Development: A challenge for Latin America after COVID-19. International Journal of Political Economy, v. 50, n. 3, p. 198-211, 2021.
STATISTICS ARGENTINA - IDEC. Govern debt, consumer price index [Data table]. 2024. Available on: https://www.indec.gob.ar/indec/web/Nivel4-Tema-3-5-31
STATISTICS BRAZIL. Unemployment, [Data table]. 2024. Available on: https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/sociais/trabalho/9173-pesquisa-nacional-por-amostra-de-domicilios-continua-trimestral.html?=&t=destaques
STATISTICS CHILE. Unemployment, [Data table]. 2024. Available on: https://stat.ine.cl/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=ENE_TD
STATISTICS COLOMBIA. Unemployment, [Data table]. 2024. Available on: https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/mercado-laboral/empleo-y-desempleo
STATISTICS MEXICO. Unemployment, [Data table]. 2024. Available on: https://www.inegi.org.mx/temas/empleo/
STATISTICS PERU. Unemployment, [Data table]. 2024. Available on: https://www.gob.pe/institucion/inei/tema/informacion-estadistica
WORLD BANK. Unemploment (%), all countries [Data table]. 2024. Available on: https://data.worldbank.org/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Economics and Public Policies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Os trabalhos publicados não serão remunerados em hipótese alguma.
O (s) autor (es), ao submeterem o trabalho à análise, automaticamente cedem os direitos de publicação à Revista, em sua versão eletrônica. e/ou impressa (A revista também será impressa e depositada em algumas bibliotecas de referência) licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Os autores dos trabalhos aprovados NÃO terão direito a qualquer exemplar da edição em que constar sua publicação, pois trata-se de versão eletrônica.
Serão aceitos trabalhos com, no máximo, três autores.
Todos os casos não previstos serão analisados e decididos pelo Conselho Editorial que, dentre outras atribuições, ficará encarregada de informar aos autores da possibilidade da publicação, contra os quais não caberá recurso.