Economic structure, export specialization and greenhouse gas emissions in Latin America

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46551/epp2024v12n0105

Autores

DOI:

10.46551/epp2024v12n0105

Palavras-chave:

Estrutura econômica, especialização exportadora, gases de efeito estufa, sustentabilidade socioambiental

Resumo

Resumo: As sociedades industriais aumentaram substancialmente as emissões de gases de efeito estufa, elevando as temperaturas médias em relação à fase pré-industrial, modificando o equilíbrio socioambiental e tornando cada vez mais frequente a presença de eventos climáticos extremos. Diante desse cenário, diversos atores lançaram uma estratégia de desenvolvimento que concentra parte da agenda na redução dos efeitos ambientais da atividade humana. Para atingir esse objetivo, é essencial identificar a relação entre a estrutura econômica e a emissão de poluentes, de forma a permitir a formulação de estratégias de política industrial que acelerem a transição para uma economia mais verde. Neste trabalho, focamo-nos na América Latina, uma região altamente vulnerável às mudanças climáticas devido à sua localização geográfica e dependência de atividades do setor primário e do turismo. Nossa análise destaca a importância crítica de identificar fatores que colocam em risco a sustentabilidade socioambiental.

Palavras-chave: Estrutura econômica; especialização exportadora; gases de efeito estufa; sustentabilidade socioambiental.

Abstract: Industrial societies have significantly increased greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in higher average temperatures compared to pre-industrial levels. This has disrupted the socio-environmental balance and led to more frequent extreme climatic events. In response, several organizations have developed strategies that prioritize reducing the environmental impact of human activities. Achieving this goal requires a thorough understanding of the relationship between economic structures and pollutant emissions to elaborate industrial policies that promote a transition to a greener economy. This study focuses on Latin America, a region highly vulnerable to climate change due to its geographical characteristics and reliance on primary sector activities and tourism. Our analysis underscores the necessity of identifying factors that jeopardize socio-environmental sustainability.  

Keywords: Economic structure; export specialization; greenhouse gases; socio-environmental sustainability.

Resumen: Las sociedades industriales han incrementado de forma sustancial las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, elevando las temperaturas medias respecto a la etapa preindustrial, modificando el equilibrio socioambiental y haciendo cada vez más frecuente la presencia de eventos climáticos extremos. Ante este escenario, diversos actores han puesto en marcha una estrategia de desarrollo que centra parte de la agenda en aminorar los efectos ambientales de la actividad humana. Para lograr lo anterior, es fundamental identificar la relación entre la estructura económica y la emisión de contaminantes tal que permita formular estrategias de política industrial que aceleren la transición hacia una economía más verde. En este trabajo nos enfocamos en América Latina, región altamente vulnerable al cambio climático debido a su situación geográfica y a la dependencia de actividades del sector primario y el turismo. Nuestro análisis subraya la importancia crítica de identificar los factores que ponen en riesgo la sostenibilidad socioambiental.

Palabras clave: Estructura económica; especialización exportadora; gases de efecto invernadero; sostenibilidad socioambiental..

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Biografia do Autor

Carlos A. Carrasco , Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico)

Associate Profesor of Macroeconomics at Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico), member the National System of Researchers Level II and Associate Researcher of the Structuralist Development Macroeconomics Research Group. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-4960. email: carlos.carrasco@udem.edu.

Blanca B. Del-Toro-Rodriguez, Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico)

BA in Economics, Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3810-6334. email: blanca.deltoro@udem.edu.

Camila Jimenez-Jaime, Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico)

BA in Economics, Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9519-1653. email: camila.jimenez@udem.edu.

Melanny Hernandez-Garcia, Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico)

BA in Economics, Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1029-504X. email: melanny.hernandez@udem.edu

Paola M. Obregon-de-la-Garza, Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico)

BA in Economics, Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM, Mexico). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6380-3590. email: paola.obregon@udem.edu

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Publicado

21-05-2024

Como Citar

Carrasco , C. A., Del-Toro-Rodriguez, B. B., Jimenez-Jaime, C., Hernandez-Garcia, M., & Obregon-de-la-Garza, P. M. (2024). Economic structure, export specialization and greenhouse gas emissions in Latin America: DOI: https://doi.org/10.46551/epp2024v12n0105. Revista Economia E Políticas Públicas, 12(1), 61–71. https://doi.org/10.46551/epp2024v12n0105