Hodgkin’s Lynphoma Manifested With Bicytopenia Without Palpable Lymphadenomegaly
Keywords:
Neoplasms; Hodgkin Disease; Risk Factors; Neoplasias; Trombocitopenia; Linfoma de HodgkinAbstract
LINFOMA DE HODGKIN MANIFESTO COM BICITOPENIA SEM LINFADENOMEGALIA PALPÁVEL
Resumo: A Doença de Hodgkin (DH) é uma neoplasia do sistema linfático e reticuloendotelial, responsável por cerca de 30% dos linfomas. Sua principal manifestação clínica é a adenomegalia, principalmente em região cervical e supraclavicular. O diagnóstico definitivo é feito por biópsia seguida de estudo imuno-histoquímico dos linfonodos acometidos. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de Linfoma de Hodgkin manifesto de forma atípica com anemia e plaquetopenia sem linfadenomegalia palpável. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo com caráter documental, retrospectivo e descritivo, tipo relato de caso. Paciente sexo feminino, 31 anos, com anemia refratária ao tratamento clinico, febre intermitente e trombocitopenia grave, com necessidade de transfusão de concentrado de hemácias e plaquetas. Ao exame clinico não havia cadeias linfáticas palpáveis. A tomografia abdominal revelou massas retroperitoneais, a partir disso foi feita a biópsia dessas lesões. O resultado do estudo imuno-histoquímico das peças confirmou o Linfoma de Hodgkin. Conclusão: O Linfoma de Hodgkin deve ser um diagnóstico suspeitado em pacientes com trombocitopenia e anemia, refratárias ao tratamento clinico, sem linfonodomegalia palpável.
Abstract: Hodgkin's disease (DH) is a neoplasm of the lymphatic and reticuloendothelial system, responsible for about 30% of lymphomas and can be divided into two subgroups: (1) predominantly lymphocytic DH and (2) classical DH. The main clinical manifestation is adenomegaly mainly in the cervical and supraclavicular region, which may or may not be associated with systemic symptoms. The definitive diagnosis is made by biopsy followed by an analysis study of the lymph nodes involved. Objective: To report a case of manifest Hodgkin's lymphoma with anemia and thrombocytopenia without palpable lymph adenomegaly. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, documentary, retrospective and descriptive study, case report type. The findings described in the medical record will be used as instruments. It is a young female patient with anemia refractory to clinical treatment, intermittent fever and severe thrombocytopenia requiring transfusion of packed red blood cells and platelets. At clinical examination there were no palpable lymph nodes. During the propaedeutic an abdominal tomography was performed that revealed retroperitoneal masses, from which the biopsy of these lesions was performed. The result of the immunohistochemical study of the parts confirmed Hodgkin's lymphoma. Conclusion: Hodgkin's lymphoma should be suspected in patients with thrombocytopenia and anemia, refractory to clinical treatment, without palpable lymph node.